3.1.1.1 - Students will develop knowledge and understanding of the key body systems and how they impact on health, fitness and performance in physical activity and sport
3.1.2. - Students will develop knowledge and understanding of the basic principles of movement and their effect on performance in physical activity and sport.
Theory: students will complete a 50 minute (55 mark) question paper on the musculoskeletal system & levers and planes. This will follow a similar structure to a GCSE paper, involving multiple choice, short answer and longer answer questions.
Cardiorespiratory
Relating to the action of both heart and lungs.
Musculoskeletal
Relating to or denoting the musculature and skeleton together.
Gaseous Exchange
The primary function of the lungs involving the transfer of oxygen from inhaled air into the blood and the transfer of carbon dioxide from the blood into the exhaled air.
Capillaries
Any of the fine branching blood vessels that form a network between the arterioles and venules.
Ventricle
a hollow part or cavity in an organ, in particular: each of the two main chambers of the heart, left and right, each of the four connected fluid-filled cavities in the centre of the brain.
Atria
Each of the two upper cavities of the heart from which blood is passed to the ventricles. The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the veins of the body, the left atrium oxygenated blood from the pulmonary vein.
Intercostal
A muscle situated between the ribs.
Alveoli
A small cavity, pit, or hollow, in particular: any of the many tiny air sacs of the lungs which allow for rapid gaseous exchange, the bony socket for the root of a tooth.
Inhalation
The action of inhaling or breathing in.
Exhalation
The act of exhaling or breathing out.
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3.1.1.2 The structure and functions of the cardio-respiratory system
Students will develop knowledge and understanding of the key body systems and how they impact on health, fitness and performance in physical activity and sport.
Theory: students will complete a 50 minute (55 mark) question paper on the musculoskeletal and cardiorespiratory systems, as well as levers and planes. This will follow a similar structure to a GCSE paper, involving multiple choice, short answer and longer answer questions.
Aerobic
Relating to or denoting exercise taken to improve the efficiency of the body's cardiovascular system in absorbing and transporting oxygen.
Anaerobic
Relating to or requiring an absence of free oxygen.
Glucose
A simple sugar which is an important energy source in living organisms and is a component of many carbohydrates.
Lactic Acid
A colourless syrupy organic acid formed in sour milk, and produced in the muscle tissues during strenuous exercise.
Intensity
The measurable amount of a property, such as force, brightness, or a magnetic field.
EPOC
Excess post exercise oxygen consumption.
Rehydration
The process of restoring lost water (dehydration) to the body tissues and fluids. Prompt rehydration is imperative whenever dehydration occurs, from diarrhoea, exposure, lack of drinking water, or medication use. Rehydration can be by the oral route or by
Vigorous
Characterised by or involving physical strength, effort, or energy.
Duration
The length of time that something continues for.
Recovery
Characterised by or involving physical strength, effort, or energy.
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3.1.1.3 Aerobic and Anaerobic
3.1.1.4 Short and long term effects of exercise
Students will develop knowledge and understanding of the key body systems and how they impact on health, fitness and performance in physical activity and sport.
Theory: students will complete a 50 minute (55 mark) question paper on 3.1.1 Applied Anatomy and Physiology which they have studied over the last 3 terms. This will follow a similar structure to a GCSE paper, involving multiple choice, short answer and longer answer questions.
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Health
A person's mental or physical condition.
Fitness
A person's physical or mental condition.
Relationship
One thing's connection to another.
Cardiovascular
Relating to the heart and blood vessels.
Endurance
The ability to endure an unpleasant or difficult process or situation without giving way.
Co-ordination
The organisation of the different elements of a complex body or activity so as to enable them to work together effectively.
Flexibility
The quality of bending easily without breaking.
Explosive
Able or likely to shatter violently or burst apart.
Component
A part or element of a larger whole.
Reaction
Something done, felt, or thought in response to a situation or event.
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Students will develop knowledge and understanding of the principles of training and different training methods in order to plan, carry out, monitor and evaluate personal exercise and training programmes.
Theory: students will complete a 50 minute (55 mark) question paper on all topics studied in the 3.1.3 Physical Training unit of work and questions from 3.1.1 Applied Anatomy and Physiology which they have previously studied. This will follow a similar structure to a GCSE paper, involving multiple choice, short answer and longer answer questions.
Limitation
A limiting rule or circumstance; a restriction.
Requirement
A thing that is compulsory; a necessary condition.
Comparison
A consideration or estimate of the similarities or dissimilarities between two things or people.
Training Programme
A course of action designed to assist in improving performance, fitness, health etc.
Reversability
The Reversibility Principle dictates that athletes lose the beneficial effects of training when they stop working out. Conversely, it also means that detraining effects can be reversed when athletes resume training. In short, If you don't use it, you lose
Tedium
The best training programmes are built on principles of Specificity, Progression, Overload, Reversibility, Rest and Tedium (acronym SPORRT). You can also use the FITT acronym to help remember the key things to consider when tailoring programmes for indivi
Frequency
The rate at which something occurs over a particular period of time or in a given sample.
Improvement
The act of changing something to make it better.
Continuous
A repetitive action.
Fartlek
A system of training for distance runners in which the terrain and pace are continually varied.
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Students will develop knowledge and understanding of the principles of training and different training methods in order to plan, carry out, monitor and evaluate personal exercise and training programmes.
Theory: students will complete a 75 minute (78 mark) mock GCSE paper (exam paper 1). This will involve all topics covered throughout the year from 3.1.1 Applied Anatomy and Physiology, 3.1.2 Movement Analysis and 3.1.3 Physical Training. This will follow a similar structure to a GCSE paper, involving multiple choice, short answer and longer answer questions.
Lever
For your arm, leg or any body part to move the appropriate muscles and bones must work together as a series of levers. A lever comprises of three components -Fulcrum or pivot - the point about which the lever rotates Load - the force applied by the lever
Fulcrum
The point against which a lever is placed to get a purchase, or on which it turns or is supported.
Load
A weight or source of pressure borne by someone or something.
Effort
A vigorous or determined attempt.
Linear
Progressing from one stage to another in a single series of steps; sequential.
Mechanical
(of an action) done without thought or spontaneity; automatic.
Advantage
A condition or circumstance that puts one in a favourable or superior position.
Anatomical
Relating to bodily structure.
Planes
A flat surface on which a straight line joining any two points on it would wholly lie.
Axes
To perform a rolling action we need to consider the three axes of rotation: Vertical axis (top to bottom of body) Transverse axis (side to side of body) Antero posterior axis (front to back of body).
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Students will develop knowledge and understanding of the psychological factors that can affect performers in physical activity and sport.
Theory: students will complete a 50 minute (55 mark) question paper on the 3.2.1 Sports Psychology unit of work. This will follow a similar structure to a GCSE paper, involving multiple choice, short answer and longer answer questions.
Skill
Sport skills are voluntary, coordinated tasks with sport-specific goals. Learning basic movement skills is the first step toward learning sport-specific skills for athletic performance.
Ability
Ability is the make up of an athlete that we inherit from our parents. Abilities underpin and contribute to skills. Abilities can be essentially perceptual, essentially motor or a combination of both. Most abilities to do with action are a combination and
Classification
Classification helps to define which athletes are eligible to compete in each of the sports. It also helps to ensure a level playing field by grouping athletes into classes based on their ability to perform a certain activity.
Performance
Sports performance is all about explosive movements, reaction, speed, and agility. Conventional training normally put more emphasis on body transformation and muscular built. A programme that includes sport performance training has to be developed specifi
Evaluation
The making of a judgement about the amount, number, or value of something; assessment.
Outcome
The way a thing turns out; a consequence.
Feedback
Information about reactions to a product, a person's performance of a task, etc. which is used as a basis for improvement.
Intrinsic
Belonging naturally; essential.
Extrinsic
Not part of the essential nature of someone or something; coming or operating from outside.
Personality
The combination of characteristics or qualities that form an individual's distinctive character.
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